The rights of persons with disabilities have been the subject of much attention in the United Nations and other international organizations over a long period of time. In some of those countries the percentage of the population with disabilities was estimated to be very high and, for the most part, persons with disabilities were extremely poor. At the same time the problems of disability in developing countries were more and more highlighted. That new concept indicated the close connection between the limitation experienced by individuals with disabilities, the design and structure of their environments and the attitude of the general population. Towards the end of the 1960s organizations of persons with disabilities in some countries started to formulate a new concept of disability. After the Second World War the concepts of integration and normalization were introduced, which reflected a growing awareness of the capabilities of persons with disabilities.ĥ.
Organizations of persons with disabilities, their families and advocates were formed, which advocated better conditions for persons with disabilities. Through education and rehabilitation, persons with disabilities became more active and a driving force in the further development of disability policy. Over the years disability policy developed from elementary care at institutions to education for children with disabilities and rehabilitation for persons who became disabled during adult life. Ignorance, neglect, superstition and fear are social factors that throughout the history of disability have isolated persons with disabilities and delayed their development.Ĥ. In the disability field, however, there are also many specific circumstances that have influenced the living conditions of persons with disabilities. In many ways it reflects the general living conditions and social and economic policies of different times. Present disability policy is the result of developments over the past 200 years. Those variations are the result of different socio-economic circumstances and of the different provisions that States make for the well-being of their citizens.ģ. Both the causes and the consequences of disability vary throughout the world. The number of persons with disabilities in the world is large and is growing.Ģ.
There are persons with disabilities in all parts of the world and at all levels in every society. Introduction Background and current needsġ.
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